How to install Postman in Ubuntu 18.04

Step 1 : Download postman from : https://www.getpostman.com/downloads/

Step 2 : Open terminal : #cp -r /home/jaydip/Downloads/Postman/ /usr/local/

Step 3 : #sudo nano /usr/share/applications/Postman.desktop

Step 4 : Paste following text into the terminal screen

[Desktop Entry]
Encoding=UTF-8
Name=Postman
Exec=/usr/local/Postman/app/Postman
Icon=/usr/local/Postman/app/resources/app/assets/icon.png
Terminal=false
Type=Application
Categories=Development;

FYI: Just goto Exec path and check there is Postman available or not?

How to connect ssh using PPK file into Cpanel from terminal Ubuntu

Connection command without PPK file

ssh username@146.66.87.208 -p18765

 Connection command with PPK file

ssh -i privatekey.ppk username@146.66.87.208 -p18765 (if not connect with PPK or give an error like "Load key "privatekey.ppk": invalid format" so please use the direct file without PPK format (See the following screenshot) ) (Supported port : 22, 18765, 18675)

How to install Extension in PHP 7.2 | PHP 7.1 | PHP 7.0 in Ubuntu 16.04 | Ubuntu 18.04

Open terminal or cmd and put following command

apt install php7.2-soap

apt install php7.2-bcmath

How to generate new SSH key and adding it to the ssh-agent

1. Open Terminal

2. Paste the text, change email address. $ ssh-keygen -t rsa -b 4096 -C "jaydipkansagra@example.com"

3. Enter a file in which to save the key (/root/.ssh/id_rsa): [Press enter] (Recommend press enter)

4. Enter passphrase (empty for no passphrase): [Type password] (Recommend keep blank)

5. Enter same passphrase again: [Type password again] (Recommend keep blank)

6. For ubuntu
     Start the ssh-agent - $ eval "$(ssh-agent -s)"
   For windows
     1. $ ssh-agent bash
     2. $ eval "$(ssh-agent -s)" 

7. $ ssh-add ~/.ssh/id_rsa

8. Open  ssh-keygen.pub

9. Copy key from ssh-keygen.pub

10. Add into ssh-agent

11. Now, get data from your repository : git clone git@github.com:whatever

Optimized my.cnf MySQL configuration due to hign CPU usage in Ubuntu

# Optimized my.cnf configuration for MySQL/MariaSQL
#
# by Fotis Evangelou, developer of Engintron (engintron.com)
#
# === Updated July 2018 ===
#
# The settings provided below are a starting point for a 2GB - 4GB RAM server with 2-4 CPU cores.
# If you have less or more resources available you should adjust accordingly to save CPU,
# RAM and disk I/O usage.
# The settings marked with a specific comment or the word "UPD" after the value
# should be adjusted for your system by using database diagnostics tools like:
# https://github.com/major/MySQLTuner-perl
# or
# https://launchpad.net/mysql-tuning-primer (supports MySQL up to v5.6)
#
#
# Note that if there is NO comment after a setting value, then 99,9% of the times you won't need to adjust it.
#
#
# THINGS TO DO AFTER YOU UPDATE MY.CNF - TROUBLESHOOTING
# If any terminal commands are mentioned, make sure you execute them as "root" user.
# If MySQL cannot start or restart, then perform the following actions.
#
# 1. If the server had the stock database configuration and you added or updated any
#    "innodb_log_*" settings (as suggested below), then execute these commands ONLY
#    the first time you apply this configuration:
#
#    $ rm -rvf /var/lib/mysql/ib_logfile*
#    $ chown -R mysql:mysql /var/lib/mysql
#    $ service mysql restart
#
#    or use the shorthand command:
#    $ rm -rvf /var/lib/mysql/ib_logfile*; chown -R mysql:mysql /var/lib/mysql; service mysql restart
#
# 2. If the setting "bind-address" is not commented out, then make sure the file /etc/hosts is
#    properly configured. A good example of a "clean" /etc/hosts file is something like this:
#
#    127.0.0.1 localhost localhost.localdomain localhost4 localhost4.localdomain4
#    ::1       localhost localhost.localdomain localhost6 localhost6.localdomain6
#    1.2.3.4   hostname.domain.tld hostname # Replace accordingly!
#
#    Finally restart the database service:
#
#    $ service mysql restart
#
# 3. If the database service cannot restart even after the first 2 steps, make sure the database data folder
#    (common for either MySQL or MariaDB) "/var/lib/mysql" is owned by the "mysql" user AND group.
#    Additionally, the folder itself can have 0751 or 0755 file permissions. To fix it, simply do this:
#    $ chown -R mysql:mysql /var/lib/mysql
#    $ chmod 0755 /var/lib/mysql
#
#    Finally restart the database service:
#
#    $ service mysql restart
[mysql]
port                            = 3306
socket                          = /var/run/mysqld/mysqld.sock
[mysqld]
# Required Settings
basedir                         = /usr
bind_address                    = 127.0.0.1 # Change to 0.0.0.0 to allow remote servers to connect to this server's
                                            # database instance
datadir                         = /var/lib/mysql
max_allowed_packet              = 256M
max_connect_errors              = 1000000
pid_file                        = /var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid
port                            = 3306
skip_external_locking
skip_name_resolve
socket                          = /var/run/mysqld/mysqld.sock
#sql_mode                       = ERROR_FOR_DIVISION_BY_ZERO,NO_AUTO_CREATE_USER,NO_ENGINE_SUBSTITUTION,ONLY_FULL_GROUP_BY,STRICT_TRANS_TABLES # Enable for b/c with databases
                                                                                                                                               # using null dates
tmpdir                          = /tmp
user                            = mysql
# InnoDB Settings
default_storage_engine          = InnoDB
innodb_buffer_pool_instances    = 1     # Use 1 instance per 1GB of InnoDB pool size
innodb_buffer_pool_size         = 1G    # Use up to 70-80% of RAM & optionally check if /proc/sys/vm/swappiness is set to 0
innodb_file_per_table           = 1
innodb_flush_log_at_trx_commit  = 0
innodb_flush_method             = O_DIRECT
innodb_log_buffer_size          = 16M
innodb_log_file_size            = 128M
#innodb_thread_concurrency      = 4     # Optional: Set to the number of CPUs on your system (minus 1 or 2) to better
                                        # contain CPU usage. E.g. if your system has 8 CPUs, try 6 or 7 and check
                                        # the overall load produced by MySQL/MariaDB.
# MyISAM Settings
query_cache_limit               = 4M    # UPD
query_cache_size                = 48M   # UPD
query_cache_type                = 1
key_buffer_size                 = 48M   # UPD
low_priority_updates            = 1
concurrent_insert               = 2
# Connection Settings
max_connections                 = 100   # UPD
back_log                        = 512
thread_cache_size               = 100
thread_stack                    = 192K
interactive_timeout             = 180
wait_timeout                    = 180
# Buffer Settings
join_buffer_size                = 3M    # UPD
read_buffer_size                = 2M    # UPD
read_rnd_buffer_size            = 4M    # UPD
sort_buffer_size                = 4M    # UPD
# Table Settings
# In systemd managed systems like Ubuntu 16.04 or CentOS 7, you need to perform an extra action for table_open_cache & open_files_limit
# to be overriden (also see comment next to open_files_limit).
# E.g. for MySQL 5.7, please check: https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.7/en/using-systemd.html
# and for MariaDB check: https://mariadb.com/kb/en/library/systemd/
table_definition_cache          = 8000  # UPD
table_open_cache                = 8000  # UPD
open_files_limit                = 24000 # UPD - This can be 2x to 3x the table_open_cache value or match the system's
                                        # open files limit usually set in /etc/sysctl.conf or /etc/security/limits.conf
                                        # In systemd managed systems this limit must also be set in:
                                        # /etc/systemd/system/mysqld.service.d/override.conf (for MySQL 5.7+) and
                                        # /etc/systemd/system/mariadb.service.d/override.conf (for MariaDB)
max_heap_table_size             = 128M
tmp_table_size                  = 128M
# Search Settings
ft_min_word_len                 = 3     # Minimum length of words to be indexed for search results
# Logging
log_error                       = /var/lib/mysql/mysql_error.log
log_queries_not_using_indexes   = 1
long_query_time                 = 5
slow_query_log                  = 0     # Disabled for production
slow_query_log_file             = /var/lib/mysql/mysql_slow.log
[mysqldump]
# Variable reference
# For MySQL 5.7: https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.7/en/mysqldump.html
# For MariaDB:   https://mariadb.com/kb/en/library/mysqldump/
quick
quote_names
max_allowed_packet              = 64M

Refer From : https://gist.github.com/fevangelou/fb72f36bbe333e059b66 

Mysql usage grater than 100% of CPU in ubuntu 18.04 | 16.04 in AWS

 You need to update server configuration.

1. Open terminal

2. Put command : sudo nano /etc/mysql/mysql.conf.d/mysqld.cnf

3. Find following variables
key_buffer_size         = 16M
max_allowed_packet      = 16M
thread_stack            = 192K
thread_cache_size       = 8
query_cache_limit      = 1M
query_cache_size        = 16M
Change To
key_buffer_size         = 160M
max_allowed_packet      = 160M
thread_stack            = 1920K
thread_cache_size       = 80
query_cache_limit       = 1024M
query_cache_size        = 2048M

4. Restart mysql : sudo /etc/init.d/mysql restart

5. Restart apache2 sudo systemctl restart apache2

6. Check CPU usage : ps -eo pid,ppid,cmd,%mem,%cpu --sort=-%cpu | head

 For more Information please Refer : https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.7/en/server-configuration.html

How to redirect www to non www AND http to https in AWS .htaccess

AWS WWW to non WWW redirection

RewriteEngine On
RewriteCond %{SERVER_NAME} =www.example.com
RewriteRule ^.*$ https://example.com%{REQUEST_URI}

AWS HTTP to HTTPS redirection

RewriteEngine On
RewriteCond %{HTTP:X-Forwarded-Proto} !https
RewriteRule ^.*$ https://example.com%{REQUEST_URI}

AWS WWW to non WWW and HTTP to HTTPS

RewriteEngine On
RewriteCond %{SERVER_NAME} =www.example.com
RewriteRule ^.*$ https://example.com%{REQUEST_URI}
RewriteCond %{HTTP:X-Forwarded-Proto} !https
RewriteRule ^.*$ https://example.com%{REQUEST_URI}

Add Template ‘Empty Document’ Options in Right Click Context Menu in Ubuntu 18.04 | 17.10

New versions of Ubuntu 17.10 | 18.04 etc don’t give the option to create a new text document in right-click context menu anymore. Here is how to create new Empty Document like below image

I was trying to create a new text file in Ubuntu 18.04. I right clicked of the mouse but I didn’t see the option to create a new document. This option in the right-click context menu allowed creating an empty text file.


Step 1

Create " Empty Document " into /home/jaydip/Templates directory

Step 2

Open terminal and put following command
touch ~/Templates/Empty\ Document

How to reset MySQL / phpmyadmin root password on Ubuntu 18.04 Linux

1. The simplest approach to reset MySQL database root password is to execute mysql_secure_installation program and when prompted entering your new root MySQL password:

sudo mysql_secure_installation

New password:
Re-enter new password:

2. Let's stop the currently running MySQL database:

sudo service mysql stop

3. create a /var/run/mysqld directory to be used by MySQL process to store and access socket file:

sudo mkdir -p /var/run/mysqld
sudo chown mysql:mysql /var/run/mysqld 

4. Start manually MySQL with the following linux commands :

sudo /usr/sbin/mysqld --skip-grant-tables --skip-networking &

5. Confirm that the process is running as expected: 

jobs

6. Access MySQL database without password 

mysql -u root

7. First flush privileges MySQL session

mysql> FLUSH PRIVILEGES;

8. The following commands will reset MySQL root password to "root" 

mysql> USE mysql;
mysql> UPDATE user SET authentication_string=PASSWORD("root") WHERE User='root';
mysql> UPDATE user SET plugin="mysql_native_password" WHERE User='root';

9. Exit MySQL session: 

mysql> exit

10. Terminate current mysqld process 

sudo pkill mysqld

11. Start MYSQL database:

sudo service mysql start

12. If all went well you should now be able to login to your MySQL database with a root password: 

mysql -u root --password=root
mysql> exit

How to Switch / Change / Downgrade from PHP 7.2 to 7.1 on Ubuntu 16.04 / 18.04 , Apache | PHP

Follow following steps

1. sudo add-apt-repository ppa:ondrej/php
2. sudo apt-get update
3. sudo apt-get install php7.1
4. sudo apt-get install php7.1-cli php7.1-common php7.1-json php7.1-opcache php7.1-mysql php7.1-mbstring php7.1-mcrypt php7.1-zip php7.1-fpm
5. sudo a2dismod php7.2
6. sudo a2enmod php7.1
7. systemctl restart apache2
8. sudo rm /usr/bin/php
9. sudo ln -s /usr/bin/php7.1 /usr/bin/php